An Index of Refusal is an ongoing archive examining how the female body is rendered, translated, and made unstable by contemporary machine vision systems.

The project began as an attempt to develop protections against deepfake extraction and gradually became a record of the moments these systems failed to cleanly reconstruct a body.

Drawing from identification photography, machine-readable portraiture, and the visual history of the female nude, the works trace the point at which a body becomes both image and raw material: something to be scanned, transferred, corrected, and reassembled.